Background

Pursuant to Human Rights Council resolution 45/17, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on toxics and human rights, Marcos Orellana, will undertake an official visit to Paraguay from 3 to 14 October 2022 at the invitation of the Government of Paraguay. His visit will focus, in accordance with his mandate, on a wide range of issues related to toxics and human rights and the implications for human rights of the environmentally sound management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes. A report summarizing the visit and including recommendations will be presented to the UN Human Rights Council in September 2023.

The Special Rapporteur is an independent expert appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council. The Human Rights Council is an inter-governmental body within the United Nations system made up of 47 Member States responsible for the promotion and protection of all human rights around the globe. Special Rapporteurs are selected on the basis of their expertise and experience in the area of their mandate, personal integrity, independence and impartiality and objectivity. They are not employed by the United Nations and do not receive remuneration for their work.

The mandate seeks to help States, businesses and other stakeholders to adopt solutions with regard to harmful substances and human rights issues.

Dr. Marcos A. Orellana was appointed Special Rapporteur on toxics and human rights in August 2020. He is an expert in international law and the law on human rights and the environment. His practice as legal advisor has included work with United Nations agencies, governments and non-governmental organisations.

The Special Rapporteur is part of a system of so-called UN Special Procedures, made up of independent experts who regularly undertake country visits around the world to report on human rights issues.

Objectives
The visit would allow the Special Rapporteur to examine in situ questions relating to mandate, and would help him to identify gaps and shortcomings, as well as good practices, in relation to which the Special Rapporteur would seek to make constructive and concrete recommendations. The general objectives of such country visits are:

• to examine and report on the status of a wide range of issues related to toxics and human rights and implications for human rights of the environmentally sound management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes in the country, with particular attention to vulnerable categories;
• to engage in dialogue with all levels of Government, United Nations and intergovernmental agencies and civil society in their efforts to protect human rights;
• to identify gaps and shortcomings, as well as practical solutions and best practices in the realization of rights relevant to the mandate;
• to issue recommendations addressed to governments, businesses and relevant stakeholders, and to follow up on relevant concluding observations made by treaty bodies and other international bodies and assess their impacts on policies adopted by the countries concerned.

Country visits involve extensive study of topics relevant to the mandate, including a wide range of issues related to toxics and human rights and the implications for human rights of the environmentally sound management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, as well as meetings and interviews with civil society organizations, experts and affected individuals before a visit. The actual country visits include meetings between the Special Rapporteur and government officials, members of the legislature and judiciary, state institutions, civil society organizations, academics, and individuals.

Key questions and types of input/comments sought
The Special Rapporteur would like to invite all interested individuals and organizations working on issues related to toxics and human rights and implications for human rights of the environmentally sound management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes concerning Paraguay, including representatives of civil society organizations, journalists, experts and academics, to provide input for the preparation of his visit.

While all submissions are welcome, it would be greatly appreciated if the submissions can focus on one or more of the following thematic issues:

1. Good practices: with a view to discussing, exchanging, sharing and transferring policy experiences and knowledge;
2. Pesticides and monocultures and their impacts;
3. Exposure to hazardous substances, and its causes and consequences, including for groups in vulnerable situations such as women, children, and indigenous peoples;
4. Chemicals and hazardous wastes issues, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other persistent organic pollutants, lead paint and lead acid batteries;
5. Soil and water contamination;
6. Implementation of international chemicals and waste conventions, as well as international, regional and national human rights and environmental standards
7. Solid and hazardous waste management and facilities and related challenges in Paraguay, including hazardous waste and plastics management, and issues of control of hazardous wastes movements;
8. Current cases and issues with a view to the application of human rights standards, in particular the cases of the Ava Guaraní and Campo Agua’e indigenous peoples;
9. Access to an effective remedy for harm caused by hazardous substances and wastes, with a specific focus on accountability and redress, particularly with regard to populations with specific vulnerabilities, such as children, women, older persons, workers, and local communities as well as other marginalized groups;
10. Access to information, participation, and free, prior and informed consent.
11. Other issues: any other matter of interest to the mandate.

Reports, academic studies and other types of background materials can be attached as an annex to the submission

How inputs will be used

All inputs will be treated to inform the preparation of the visit and the report to the Human Rights Council.

If not indicated to the contrary your submission will be published on the website of the Special Rapporteur. If you would like your written submission or any other information NOT to be published on the website of the Special Rapporteur, please explicitly indicate this in your submission.

Social Media

Follow the Special Rapporteur:

• on Twitter: @SRtoxics
• OHCHR website of the Special Rapporteur

The Special Rapporteur on toxics and human rights thanks you for your inputs.