International standards
Special Rapporteur on freedom of expression and opinion
The right to freedom of opinion and expression is enshrined in a number of international and regional human rights instruments, including the following:
International standards
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights (article 19)
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) (article 19)
- International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)
- International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) (article 5)
- Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (article 7)
- ILO Convention N° 135, Workers' Representatives Convention
- General Comment 34 [19] (Article 19) of the Human Rights Committee (CCPR/C/GC/34 of 29 July 2011)
- General Comment 10 [19] (Article 19) of the Human Rights Committee (CCPR/C/21/Rev.1 of 19 May 1989)
- General Comment 11 [19] (Article 20) of the Human Rights Committee (CCPR/C/21/Rev.1 of 19 May 1989)
- The public's right to know: Principles on Freedom of Information Legislation. Annex II Report E/CN.4/2000/63
Regional standards
- American Convention on Human Rights “Pact of San José. Costa Rica” (OAS)
- Declaration on principles of freedom of expression (OAS)
- African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights (article 9)
- Declaration of principles on freedom of expression in Africa
- Amsterdam Recommendations. Freedom of the Media and the Internet. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
- Bishkek Declaration. Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)