The Special Rapporteur on the negative impact of unilateral coercive measures on the enjoyment of human rights visited China from 6 to 17 May 2024 to examine the impact of unilateral sanctions on the enjoyment of human rights in the country, including the right to development. In the present report, the Special Rapporteur concludes that sanctions, secondary sanctions and overcompliance result in economic disruptions with broader socioeconomic implications and an adverse impact on human rights in the country. She addresses the potential negative international spillover effects of sanctions-induced pressures and restrictions against Chinese nationals, entities and businesses. The Special Rapporteur also discusses the response of China to unilateral sanctions, in particular the development of a relevant legal framework and measures to support targeted individuals and entities in sanctions-related judicial proceedings. She recommends lifting unilateral sanctions, to avoid de-risking policies and overcompliance in accordance with international legal standards and the rule of due diligence. She calls on States and the international community to ensure that measures taken on the grounds of national security or of economic, development and trade considerations are compatible with States’ obligations under international law, including international human rights law, and that legal rights and due process are always respected and protected in sanctions-related matters.