This publication reviews the extent to which and how human rights are reflected in national Millennium Development Goal-based strategies and reports in a number of Asian and African countries. It is guided by the analytical framework provided in Claiming the Millennium Development Goals: A Human Rights Approach. It also builds on a series of country and thematic background studies commissioned for the regional “Dialogues for Action: Human Rights and MDGs” in Johannesburg and Bangkok in 2008, which were part of a collaborative undertaking with the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the Norwegian Centre for Human Rights.