人权理事会
综述

2015年7月3日

延长厄立特里亚人权问题调查委员会和特别报告员，白俄罗斯人权问题特别报告员和科特迪瓦技术合作问题独立专家的任务

人权理事会今天下午在通过26份关于广泛问题的文本以及其本届会议报告后结束了第二十九届常会。理事会还通过了对14个国家的普遍定期审议结果并任命了六名特别程序任务负责人。

厄立特里亚调查委员会和厄立特里亚人权状况特别报告员的任务被延长了一年。理事会再次呼吁厄立特里亚政府停止对其公民使用任意拘留，停止使用酷刑或其他残忍、不人道和有辱人格的待遇或惩罚，说明并释放所有政治犯并停止强迫公民参与民兵的行为。

理事会还在一份决议中将白俄罗斯人权状况特别报告员的任务延长了一年，在其中敦促白俄罗斯政府在司法领域开展全面改革，立即和无条件释放所有政治犯并恢复其名誉。

理事会决定将与科特迪瓦在人权领域的能力建设和技术合作问题独立专家的任务延长一年。理事会在另一份决议中欢迎对乌克兰人权领域的技术援助，并承认对这种援助的进一步需求。

在一份关于缅甸罗辛亚穆斯林和其他少数族裔人权状况的决议中，理事会谴责了系统性严重侵害人权和对包括若开邦罗辛亚穆斯林在内的所有人的践踏行为，并呼吁缅甸政府确保保护缅甸所有人的人权。

在一份关于叙利亚严峻和不断恶化的人权和人道主义局势的决议中，理事会要求叙利亚当局与人权理事会和调查委员会充分合作，并强调了确保将所有违反国际人道主义法和人权法的肇事者绳之以法的必要性。

在一份有关改善南苏丹人权、问责与和解问题的实况调查任务的决议中，理事会要求所有行为者停止一切人权侵犯和践踏行为以及一切侵犯国际人道主义法的行为，并要求南苏丹政府确保保护和促进人权。

理事会主席宣布任命以下专家来填补特别程序任务负责人的职位空缺：莫妮卡·平托（Monica Pinto）（阿根廷）为法官和律师独立性问题特别报告员并跟进协商小组，杜布拉夫卡·西蒙诺维奇（Dubravka Šimonović）（克罗地亚）作为暴力侵害妇女问题特别报告员，雷·图米（Leigh Toomey）（澳大利亚）为任意拘留工作组成员以及白太恩（Tae-Ung Baik）（大韩民国）为被强迫或非自愿失踪问题工作组成员。主席还任命伊科博乌萨·埃勒（Ikponowosa Ero）（尼日利亚）为白化病人享有人权问题独立专家，约瑟夫·卡纳塔西（Joseph Cannataci）（马耳他）为私隐权问题特别报告员。理事会第二十八届会议创建了这两项任务。

在打击恐怖主义同时保护人权和基本自由问题上，理事会在通过的一份决议中呼吁各国确保其所采取的任何打击恐怖主义的措施都符合国际法，并敦促其确保打击恐怖主义的措施不具有歧视性或基于种族定性。在无人陪护移徙儿童和青少年方面，理事会呼吁来源国、中转国和目的国力促家庭团聚以促进移徙儿童的福利和最佳利益。在一份关于中转中的移民的决议中，理事会要求人权高专办在人权理事第三十一届会议之前向其提交一份有关中转状态的移徙者状况的研究。

一份关于保护家庭的决议中重申道，家庭是社会的自然和基本群体单位，因此需要社会和国家的保护，决议敦促缔约国创建一个有利于加强对所有家庭支持的环境，承认男女平等。理事会在另一项决议中强烈谴责了包括家庭暴力在内的一切形式的暴力侵害妇女行为，并敦促各国采取有效行动防止家庭暴力，包括通过公开谴责、处理和惩罚肇事者。在一份关于消除对妇女歧视问题的决议中，理事会呼吁各国促进妇女和女童在生活各方面的平等和全面机会，参与和贡献，并敦促各国确保妇女有平等而不受歧视地获得经济、金融、财政和社会服务和惠宜的机会。

一份关于童婚、早婚和强迫婚姻的决议呼吁各国在调查、起诉和惩罚暴力侵害所有儿童以及订立、执行、协调和维护旨在预防和终止童婚、早婚和强迫婚姻的法律和政策方面行使尽职调查义务。在一份关于教育权的决议中，理事会呼吁利益攸关方确保2015年后发展议程通过设立具体、可测量、现实和相关的教育目标的方式促进普遍实现教育权。

理事会要求联合国人权高专办就气候变化和所有人享有最高可达到标准的身心健康之间的关系进行一份具体分析研究，并在人权理事会第三十一届会议召开前提交。一份关于司法机关独立问题的决议鼓励各国设立有利于发展和加强具有儿童敏感性的司法系统的法律和政策框架。在另一份决议中，理事会要求联合国人权高专办组织一场关于民主和种族主义不相容性的小组讨论。

在有关巴勒斯坦和其他阿拉伯被占领土人权状况的议程项目下，理事会通过了一份有关确保对包括东耶路撒冷在内的巴勒斯坦被占领土所有违反国际法行为问责和诉诸司法的决议，决议呼吁相关方与国际刑事法庭的初步审查进行全面合作。

通过的其他决议涉及国际人权公约通过五十周年和生效四十周年，社会论坛的重要性，人权和国际团结，消除对麻风病患者及其家庭成员的歧视，人权与规范民用获取、持有和使用火器以及腐败对人权的负面影响等。

理事会还通过了一项关于人权理事会有效性的主席声明，并特别决定进一步改善人权理事会专题决议自愿年历。

理事会通过了第二十九届会议的报告并在网站上公布。

人权理事会主席约阿希姆·吕克尔在总结发言中提醒各国称，提高理事会效率和创造一个信任、透明与合作的环境将取决于他们。他还宣布称，目前尚未收到关于将于2015年举行的主流化小组讨论的提议并建议延长截止日期。

与本届和所有人权理事会届会相关的文件、声明、决议和报告都将在网站上公布。每场公开会议中具体到每个发言者的详细报道请参见联合国日内瓦信息服务网站。

人权理事会将于2015年6月15日至7月3日召开第二十九届常会。第三十届常会将于2015年9月14日至10月2日在万国宫第二十会议室举行。

会议概要

联合国人权事务高级专员扎伊德·拉阿德·侯赛因在人权理事会第二十九届会议开幕时表示，政治动荡、压迫、暴力和战争已变得如此普遍，从而使得数百万人冒着生命危险寻求相对安全的地方，因此理事会希望解决移徙者人权问题。叙利亚冲突已杀死至少22万名男女老少，并造成了第二次世界大战以来的最大规模人口流动。扎伊德先生对一些国家的人权状况表示关切，包括利比亚、也门、布隆迪、索马里、尼日利亚、马里、埃及、巴林、巴勒斯坦被占领土、布隆迪、南苏丹、乌克兰东部、委内瑞拉、受到博科圣地影响的国家，缅甸、厄立特里亚以及废除英国人权法案的计划。

叙利亚和厄立特里亚国际独立调查委员会向理事会介绍了它们的最新信息，随后进行了与各国和非政府组织的互动对话。2014年加沙冲突问题调查委员会也介绍了报告，随后进行了一场一般性辩论，其中涉及了白俄罗斯、巴勒斯坦被占领土、南苏丹、中非共和国和科特迪瓦人权状况。理事会还听取了扎伊德先生关于博科圣地犯下的人权侵犯和践踏问题的口头更新报告，随后进行了互动对话。

理事会还举行了关于妇女人权问题的年度全日讨论，另外还举行了实现所有女童平等享有教育权问题和恐怖主义对所有人享有人权和基本自由的影响的小组讨论。包括人权专家个人、特别报告员和关于移徙者、少数族裔、教育权、国际团结、反恐、种族主义以及工商业与人权问题的工作组和论坛在内的23项特别程序做了报告。理事会还探讨了人权领域的技术援助和能力建设问题，理事会在会议期间批准了以下14国的普遍定期审议结果（按照审议顺序）：吉尔吉斯斯坦，几内亚，老挝人民民主共和国，西班牙，莱索托，肯尼亚，亚美尼亚，几内亚比绍，瑞典，格林纳达，土耳其，科威特，基里巴斯和圭亚那。

Resolutions and Decisions

Action on Text under Agenda Item 1 on Organizational and Procedural Matters

In a statement by the President of the Human Rights Council (A/HRC/29/L.34) on enhancing the efficiency of the Human Rights Council, adopted without a vote as orally revised, the Council decides to improve the voluntary yearly calendar for thematic resolutions of the Human Rights Council; decides that the Bureau shall make recommendations and identify modalities to adjust the terms of mandate holders, in order to better spread the appointment process over time; and requests the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to develop a more distinguishable, accessible and user-friendly webpage for the Human Rights Council.

Action on Resolutions under Agenda Item 2 on the Annual Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.8) on the fact-finding mission to improve human rights, accountability and reconciliation for South Sudan, adopted without a vote, the Council demands a halt by all actors to all human rights violations and abuses and all violations of international humanitarian law, calls upon the Government of South Sudan to ensure the protection and promotion of human rights; and strongly urges the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army to immediately end violations and abuses against children.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.30) on the human rights situation of Rohingya Muslims and other minorities in Myanmar, adopted without a vote, the Council calls upon the Government of Myanmar to ensure the protection of human rights of all persons in Myanmar, including Rohingya Muslims; calls upon the Government of Myanmar to take the necessary measures to address the spread of discrimination and prejudice against Muslims; and urges the Government of Myanmar to protect places of worships, belonging to all religions.

Action on Resolutions under Agenda Item 3 on the Promotion and Protection of All Human Rights

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.2) on the fiftieth anniversary of the adoption and the fortieth anniversary of the entry into force of the International Covenants on Human Rights, adopted without a vote, the Council calls for the strictest compliance by States parties with their obligations under the International Covenants; and decides to convene at its thirty-first session a high-level panel discussion on the topic “The fiftieth anniversary of the International Covenants on Human Rights: universality, indivisibility, interdependence and interrelatedness of all human rights”.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.3) on the protection of the human rights of migrants: migrants in transit, adopted without a vote as orally revised, the Council calls upon States that have not yet done so to consider signing and ratifying or acceding to the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families; and requests the Office of the High Commissioner to submit to the Human Rights Council before its thirty-first session a study on the situation of migrants in transit.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.6) on human rights and international solidarity, adopted by a vote of 33 in favour, 14 against and no abstentions, the Council requests all States, United Nations agencies, other relevant international organizations and non-governmental organizations to mainstream the right of peoples and individuals to international solidarity into their activities; and requests the Independent Expert to continue to participate in relevant international forums and major events with a view to promoting the importance of international solidarity.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.7/Rev.1) on the elimination of discrimination against women, adopted without a vote, the Council calls upon States to promote the equal and full access, participation and contribution of women and girls in all aspects of life, and reject any discriminatory practice and gender stereotypes; urges States to ensure that women have equal access to all economic, financial and social services and benefits without discrimination; and calls upon States to support the empowerment of women and girls.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.10) on the elimination of discrimination against persons affected by leprosy and their family members, adopted without a vote, the Council requests the Advisory Committee to undertake a study which reviews the implementation of the principles and guidelines for the elimination of discrimination against persons affected by leprosy and their family members.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.11) on the independence and impartiality of the judiciary, jurors and assessors, and the independence of lawyers, adopted without a vote, the Council calls upon all States to guarantee the independence of judges and lawyers and the objectivity and impartiality of prosecutors, as well as their ability to perform their functions; and encourages States to put in place legal and policy frameworks conducive to the development and reinforcement of a child-sensitive justice system.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.14/Rev.1) on the right to education, adopted without a vote, the Council urges all States to give full effect to the right to education by, inter alia, complying with their obligations to respect, protect and fulfil the right to education by all appropriate means, paying particular attention to girls, marginalized children and persons with disabilities; and calls upon all relevant stakeholders to ensure that the post-2015 development agenda fosters the universal realization of the right to education.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.15) on strengthening efforts to prevent and eliminate child, early and forced marriage, adopted without a vote, the Council urges States to enact, enforce, harmonise and uphold laws and policies aimed at preventing and ending child, early and forced marriage; calls upon States to exercise due diligence in investigating, prosecuting and punishing violence against all children; and urges States to strengthen their efforts to ensure free birth registration.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.16/Rev.1) on accelerating efforts to eliminate all forms of violence against women: eliminating domestic violence, adopted without a vote, the Council urges States to support initiatives aimed at promoting gender equality and at preventing, responding to, and protecting women and girls from domestic violence; and calls upon States to take effective action to prevent domestic violence, including by publicly condemning, addressing and penalizing perpetrators.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.17/Rev.1) on protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism, adopted without a vote, the Council calls upon States to ensure that any measure taken to counter terrorism complies with the international law, in particular the international human rights, refugee and humanitarian law; and urges States to ensure that measures taken to counter terrorism are not discriminatory.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.18) on human rights and the regulation of civilian acquisition, possession and use of firearms, adopted by a vote of 41 in favour, none against and six abstentions, the Council calls upon all States to do their utmost to take measures, consistent with the international human rights law and their constitutional frameworks, to ensure that civilian acquisition, possession and use of firearms are effectively regulated with the aim of enhancing the protection of human rights.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.19) on the negative impact of corruption on the enjoyment of human rights, adopted without a vote, the Council urges States that have not yet done so to consider ratifying or acceding to the United Nations Convention against Corruption; and stresses that preventive measures are one of the most effective means of countering corruption and of avoiding its negative impact on the enjoyment of human rights.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.21) on human rights and climate change, adopted without a vote, the Council requests the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to conduct a detailed analytical study on the relationship between climate change and the human right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health to be submitted to the Council prior to its thirty-first session.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.24) on unaccompanied migrant children and adolescents and human rights, adopted without a vote, the Council calls upon countries of origin, transit and destination to facilitate family reunification, in order to promote the welfare and the best interest of migrant children; and requests the Advisory Committee develop a research-based study on the global issue of “Unaccompanied Migrant Children and Adolescents and Human Rights”.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.25) on the protection of the family: contribution of the family to the realization of the right to an adequate standard of living for its members, particularly through its role in poverty eradication and achieving sustainable development, adopted by a vote of 29 in favour, 14 against and four abstentions, the Council urges Member States to create a conducive environment to strengthen and support all families, recognizing equality between women and men; and resolves to pay particular attention to family units headed by women and children.

Action on Resolutions under the Agenda Item 4 on Human Rights Situations that Require the Council’s Attention

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.4) on the grave and deteriorating human rights and humanitarian situation in the Syrian Arab Republic, adopted by a vote of 29 in favour, six against and 12 abstentions, the Council demands that the Syrian authorities cooperate fully with the Commission of Inquiry; strongly condemns the continued gross systematic and widespread violations and abuses of human rights by the Syrian authorities and affiliated militias; and strongly condemns the terrorist acts and violence committed against civilians by the so-called Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (Daesh), al-Nusra Front and other extremist groups.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.12) on the situation of human rights in Belarus, adopted by a vote of21 in favour, eight against and 18 abstentions, the Council urges the Government of Belarus to carry out a comprehensive reform of the justice sector and bar associations in order to guarantee the full independence and impartiality of the judiciary, the presumption of innocence, and the right to a fair trial; and strongly urges the Government of Belarus to immediately and unconditionally release and rehabilitate fully all political prisoners.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.23) on the situation of human rights in Eritrea, adopted without a vote, the Council strongly condemns the systematic, widespread and gross human rights violations that have been and are being committed by the Government of Eritrea in a climate of generalized impunity; decides to extend, for a period of one year, the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights and of the commission of inquiry to investigate systematic, widespread and gross violations of human rights in Eritrea; and decides to extend, for a period of one year, the mandate of the commission of inquiry to investigate systematic, widespread and gross violations of human rights in Eritrea with a view to ensuring full accountability, including where these violations may amount to crimes against humanity.

Action on Resolution under Agenda Item 5 on Human Rights bodies and mechanisms

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.5/Rev.1) on the Social Forum, adopted without a vote, the Council decides that the Social Forum will meet for three working days in 2016, in Geneva; requests the President of the Human Rights Council to appoint, as early as possible, from candidates nominated by regional groups, the Chairperson-Rapporteur for the 2016 Social Forum; and decides that the Social Forum will remain open to the participation of representatives of Member States and other interested stakeholders.

Action on Resolution under Agenda Item 7 on the Human Rights Situation in Palestine and Other Occupied Arab Territories

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.35) on ensuring accountability and justice for all violations of international law in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem, adopted in a vote of 41 in favour, one against and five abstentions, the Council calls upon all duty bearers and United Nations bodies to pursue the implementation of all the recommendations contained in the report of the United Nations Independent Commission of Inquiry on the 2014 Gaza Conflict; and calls upon the parties concerned to cooperate fully with the preliminary examination of the International Criminal Court and with any subsequent investigation that may be opened.

Action on Resolution under Agenda Item 9 on Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.1) on the incompatibility between democracy and racism, adopted without a vote, the Council decides to convene, at its thirty-first session, a panel discussion on the incompatibility between democracy and racism with a view to identifying challenges and good practices; and requests the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to organize the panel discussion.

Action on Resolutions under Agenda Item 10 on Technical Assistance and Capacity-Building

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.9) on cooperation and assistance to Ukraine in the field of human rights, adopted by a vote of 21 in favour, six against and 20 abstentions, the Council invites the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to present orally to the States Members of the Human Rights Council and observers the findings of each of the periodic reports of the Office of the High Commissioner on the situation of human rights in Ukraine, as part of the interactive dialogues, until the thirty-second session of the Council.

In a resolution (A/HRC/29/L.13/Rev.1) on capacity-building and technical cooperation with Côte d’Ivoire in the field of human rights, adopted without a vote, the Council requests the international community to continue to support the reconstruction and reconciliation process under way in Côte d’Ivoire; and requests the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to continue to provide the technical assistance requested by the Government, to help Côte d’Ivoire to meet its human rights obligations.

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